vietc/protocol/src/uinput_monitor.rs

use std::fs::{File, OpenOptions};
use std::os::unix::io::AsRawFd;

use super::inject::{InjectResult, KeyInjector};

const UINPUT_MAX_NAME_SIZE: usize = 80;
const UI_SET_EVBIT: u64 = 0x40045564;
const UI_SET_KEYBIT: u64 = 0x40045565;
#[allow(dead_code)]
const UI_SET_ABSBIT: u64 = 0x40045566;
const UI_DEV_CREATE: u64 = 0x5501;
const UI_DEV_DESTROY: u64 = 0x5502;
const UI_DEV_SETUP: u64 = 0x405c5503;
const EV_KEY: u16 = 0x01;
#[allow(dead_code)]
const EV_ABS: u16 = 0x03;
const KEY_MAX: u32 = 0x1ff;

pub struct UinputInjector {
    file: File,
}

unsafe impl Send for UinputInjector {}
unsafe impl Sync for UinputInjector {}

impl UinputInjector {
    fn start_ydotoold() {
        // ydotoold must be running for ydotool to handle Unicode characters.
        // ydotool in direct mode crashes with "no matching keycode" for
        // non-ASCII chars. Start it once; ignore failure (daemon may already
        // exist).
        let _ = std::process::Command::new("ydotoold")
            .arg("--fork")
            .stdout(std::process::Stdio::null())
            .stderr(std::process::Stdio::null())
            .spawn();
        // Give it a moment to start
        std::thread::sleep(std::time::Duration::from_millis(200));
    }

    pub fn new(name: &str) -> Result<Self, Box<dyn std::error::Error>> {
        Self::start_ydotoold();

        let file = OpenOptions::new()
            .read(true)
            .write(true)
            .open("/dev/uinput")?;

        let fd = file.as_raw_fd();

        // Enable EV_KEY
        ioctl(fd, UI_SET_EVBIT, EV_KEY as u64)
            .map_err(|e| format!("UI_SET_EVBIT failed: {}", e))?;

        // Enable all key codes we'll need
        for code in 0..=KEY_MAX {
            ioctl(fd, UI_SET_KEYBIT, code as u64)
                .map_err(|e| format!("UI_SET_KEYBIT {} failed: {}", code, e))?;
        }

        // Create uinput device
        let mut usetup: uinput_setup = unsafe { std::mem::zeroed() };
        let name_bytes = name.as_bytes();
        let copy_len = name_bytes.len().min(UINPUT_MAX_NAME_SIZE - 1);
        for (i, &byte) in name_bytes.iter().enumerate().take(copy_len) {
            usetup.name[i] = byte as i8;
        }
        usetup.name[copy_len] = 0;
        usetup.id.bustype = 0x03; // BUS_USB
        usetup.id.vendor = 0x1234;
        usetup.id.product = 0x5678;
        usetup.id.version = 1;

        ioctl(fd, UI_DEV_SETUP, &usetup as *const uinput_setup as u64)
            .map_err(|e| format!("UI_DEV_SETUP failed: {}", e))?;

        ioctl(fd, UI_DEV_CREATE, 0)
            .map_err(|e| format!("UI_DEV_CREATE failed: {}", e))?;

        // Small delay for device to be ready
        std::thread::sleep(std::time::Duration::from_millis(10));

        Ok(Self { file })
    }

    fn send_uinput_event(&self, type_: u16, code: u16, value: i32) {
        let event = input_event {
            time: timeval { tv_sec: 0, tv_usec: 0 },
            type_,
            code,
            value,
        };

        unsafe {
            let ptr = &event as *const input_event as *const u8;
            let len = std::mem::size_of::<input_event>();
            let _ = libc::write(self.file.as_raw_fd() as libc::c_int, ptr as *const libc::c_void, len);
        }
    }
}

impl KeyInjector for UinputInjector {
    fn send_backspace(&self) -> InjectResult {
        self.send_uinput_event(EV_KEY, 14, 1); // KEY_BACKSPACE press
        self.send_uinput_event(EV_KEY, 14, 0); // KEY_BACKSPACE release
        self.send_uinput_event(0, 0, 0);       // EV_SYN
        InjectResult::Success
    }

    fn send_key_event(&self, keycode: u16, value: i32) -> InjectResult {
        self.send_uinput_event(EV_KEY, keycode, value);
        self.send_uinput_event(0, 0, 0);
        InjectResult::Success
    }

    fn send_char(&self, ch: char) -> InjectResult {
        if let Some(keycode) = char_to_linux_keycode(ch) {
            let needs_shift = ch.is_uppercase() || "!@#$%^&*()_+{}|:\"<>?".contains(ch);
            if needs_shift {
                self.send_uinput_event(EV_KEY, 42, 1); // KEY_LEFTSHIFT
            }
            self.send_uinput_event(EV_KEY, keycode, 1);
            self.send_uinput_event(EV_KEY, keycode, 0);
            if needs_shift {
                self.send_uinput_event(EV_KEY, 42, 0);
            }
            self.send_uinput_event(0, 0, 0);
            return InjectResult::Success;
        }
        // Unicode: copy to clipboard and paste (preserves uinput ordering)
        self.paste_string(&ch.to_string());
        InjectResult::Success
    }

    fn send_string(&self, s: &str) -> InjectResult {
        // If all ASCII, use keycodes directly (fast path)
        if s.chars().all(|c| char_to_linux_keycode(c).is_some()) {
            for ch in s.chars() {
                self.send_char(ch);
            }
        } else {
            // Contains Unicode: single clipboard copy + paste via uinput
            self.paste_string(s);
        }
        InjectResult::Success
    }

    fn inject_replacement(&self, backspaces: usize, text: &str) -> InjectResult {
        self.inject_replacement_atomic(backspaces, text)
    }

    fn flush(&self) -> InjectResult {
        InjectResult::Success
    }
}

impl UinputInjector {
    /// Run an external command as the original user if we're root.
    /// Wayland tools (wtype, wl-copy) need the user's session, not root.
    /// Uses explicit `env VAR=val` instead of `--preserve-env` for
    /// compatibility with all sudo versions.
    fn run_as_user(program: &str, args: &[&str]) -> std::process::Output {
        let is_root = unsafe { libc::getuid() == 0 };
        if is_root {
            if let Ok(sudo_user) = std::env::var("SUDO_USER") {
                let wayland_display = std::env::var("WAYLAND_DISPLAY").unwrap_or_default();
                let xdg_runtime_dir = std::env::var("XDG_RUNTIME_DIR").unwrap_or_default();
                let display = std::env::var("DISPLAY").unwrap_or_default();
                let mut cmd = std::process::Command::new("sudo");
                cmd.args(["-u", &sudo_user, "env"]);
                if !wayland_display.is_empty() {
                    cmd.arg(format!("WAYLAND_DISPLAY={}", wayland_display));
                }
                if !xdg_runtime_dir.is_empty() {
                    cmd.arg(format!("XDG_RUNTIME_DIR={}", xdg_runtime_dir));
                }
                if !display.is_empty() {
                    cmd.arg(format!("DISPLAY={}", display));
                }
                cmd.arg(program);
                cmd.args(args);
                match cmd.output() {
                    Ok(output) => return output,
                    Err(e) => {
                        eprintln!("[vietc] Failed to run sudo -u {} env ... {} {}: {}", sudo_user, program, args.join(" "), e);
                        return std::process::Output {
                            status: std::process::ExitStatus::default(),
                            stdout: vec![],
                            stderr: format!("{}\n", e).into_bytes(),
                        };
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        match std::process::Command::new(program).args(args).output() {
            Ok(output) => output,
            Err(e) => {
                eprintln!("[vietc] Failed to run {}: {}", program, e);
                std::process::Output {
                    status: std::process::ExitStatus::default(),
                    stdout: vec![],
                    stderr: format!("{}\n", e).into_bytes(),
                }
            }
        }
    }

    /// Send backspaces and text through a single injection channel to avoid
    /// reordering between uinput (backspaces) and ydotool (text).
    fn inject_replacement_atomic(&self, backspaces: usize, text: &str) -> InjectResult {
        // Use ydotool for everything — backspaces via `key BackSpace` and
        // text via `type`. Since both go through ydotool's uinput device,
        // the kernel delivers them in the correct order.
        if backspaces > 0 || !text.is_empty() {
            let mut args: Vec<&str> = Vec::new();
            for _ in 0..backspaces {
                args.push("key");
                args.push("BackSpace");
            }
            if !text.is_empty() {
                args.push("type");
                args.push(text);
            }
            // ydotool runs directly (uses uinput, no display server needed)
            let output = std::process::Command::new("ydotool")
                .args(&args)
                .output();
            if let Ok(output) = output {
                if output.status.success() {
                    return InjectResult::Success;
                }
                let stderr = String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr);
                if !stderr.is_empty() {
                    eprintln!("[vietc] ydotool failed: {}", stderr.trim());
                }
            }
        }
        // Fallback: wtype with -k BackSpace (Wayland) or uinput backspaces + paste
        if backspaces > 0 || !text.is_empty() {
            let mut wtype_args: Vec<&str> = Vec::new();
            let mut bs_flags: Vec<String> = Vec::new();
            for _ in 0..backspaces {
                bs_flags.push("-k".to_string());
                bs_flags.push("BackSpace".to_string());
            }
            for a in &bs_flags {
                wtype_args.push(a);
            }
            wtype_args.push(text);
            let output = Self::run_as_user("wtype", &wtype_args);
            if output.status.success() {
                return InjectResult::Success;
            }
        }
        // Last resort: uinput backspaces + paste_string
        if backspaces > 0 {
            for _ in 0..backspaces {
                let _ = self.send_backspace();
            }
        }
        if !text.is_empty() {
            self.paste_string(text);
        }
        InjectResult::Success
    }

    /// Copy text to clipboard and paste via Ctrl+V through our uinput device.
    /// Only used as a last resort if Wayland/X11 direct typing tools are
    /// unavailable. Prefers ydotool (uinput, works everywhere) to avoid
    /// clipboard pollution.
    fn paste_string(&self, s: &str) {
        // ydotool uses uinput (kernel device), works as root without any
        // display server access. No need for run_as_user.
        let output = std::process::Command::new("ydotool")
            .args(["type", s])
            .output();
        if let Ok(output) = output {
            if output.status.success() {
                return;
            }
        }
        eprintln!("[vietc] ydotool failed, trying xdotool...");
        // Try xdotool (X11): needs DISPLAY, run through run_as_user
        let output = Self::run_as_user("xdotool", &["type", "--clearmodifiers", s]);
        if output.status.success() {
            return;
        }
        eprintln!("[vietc] xdotool not available, trying wtype...");
        // Try wtype (Wayland-native): needs Wayland session, run through run_as_user
        let output = Self::run_as_user("wtype", &[s]);
        if output.status.success() {
            return;
        }
        eprintln!("[vietc] wtype not available, trying clipboard paste...");
        // Clipboard fallback: copy + paste via our uinput
        let copied = self.copy_to_clipboard(s);
        if copied {
            self.send_ctrl_v();
            return;
        }
        eprintln!("[vietc] WARNING: No injection method works for '{}'!", s);
    }

    /// Copy text to clipboard using wl-copy (Wayland) or xclip (X11).
    fn copy_to_clipboard(&self, s: &str) -> bool {
        let is_root = unsafe { libc::getuid() == 0 };
        if is_root {
            if let Ok(sudo_user) = std::env::var("SUDO_USER") {
                let wayland_display = std::env::var("WAYLAND_DISPLAY").unwrap_or_default();
                let xdg_runtime_dir = std::env::var("XDG_RUNTIME_DIR").unwrap_or_default();
                let display = std::env::var("DISPLAY").unwrap_or_default();
                let mut cmd = std::process::Command::new("sudo");
                cmd.args(["-u", &sudo_user, "env"]);
                if !wayland_display.is_empty() {
                    cmd.arg(format!("WAYLAND_DISPLAY={}", wayland_display));
                }
                if !xdg_runtime_dir.is_empty() {
                    cmd.arg(format!("XDG_RUNTIME_DIR={}", xdg_runtime_dir));
                }
                if !display.is_empty() {
                    cmd.arg(format!("DISPLAY={}", display));
                }
                cmd.arg("wl-copy");
                let result = cmd
                    .stdin(std::process::Stdio::piped())
                    .spawn()
                    .and_then(|mut child| {
                        use std::io::Write;
                        child.stdin.take().unwrap().write_all(s.as_bytes())?;
                        child.wait()
                    });
                if let Ok(status) = result {
                    if status.success() {
                        return true;
                    }
                }
            }
        } else if std::process::Command::new("wl-copy")
            .stdin(std::process::Stdio::piped())
            .spawn()
            .and_then(|mut child| {
                use std::io::Write;
                child.stdin.take().unwrap().write_all(s.as_bytes())?;
                child.wait()
            })
            .map(|status| status.success())
            .unwrap_or(false)
        {
            return true;
        }
        // Try xclip (X11). When root, run as SUDO_USER so it can connect to X.
        let xclip_result = if is_root {
            if let Ok(sudo_user) = std::env::var("SUDO_USER") {
                let display = std::env::var("DISPLAY").unwrap_or_default();
                let mut cmd = std::process::Command::new("sudo");
                cmd.args(["-u", &sudo_user, "env"]);
                if !display.is_empty() {
                    cmd.arg(format!("DISPLAY={}", display));
                }
                cmd.arg("xclip");
                cmd.args(["-selection", "clipboard"]);
                cmd.stdin(std::process::Stdio::piped())
                    .spawn()
                    .and_then(|mut child| {
                        use std::io::Write;
                        child.stdin.take().unwrap().write_all(s.as_bytes())?;
                        child.wait()
                    })
                    .map(|status| status.success())
                    .unwrap_or(false)
            } else {
                false
            }
        } else {
            std::process::Command::new("xclip")
                .args(["-selection", "clipboard"])
                .stdin(std::process::Stdio::piped())
                .spawn()
                .and_then(|mut child| {
                    use std::io::Write;
                    child.stdin.take().unwrap().write_all(s.as_bytes())?;
                    child.wait()
                })
                .map(|status| status.success())
                .unwrap_or(false)
        };

        if xclip_result {
            return true;
        }

        false
    }

    /// Send Ctrl+V through our uinput device.
    fn send_ctrl_v(&self) {
        self.send_uinput_event(EV_KEY, 29, 1); // KEY_LEFTCTRL
        self.send_uinput_event(EV_KEY, 47, 1); // KEY_V
        self.send_uinput_event(EV_KEY, 47, 0);
        self.send_uinput_event(EV_KEY, 29, 0);
        self.send_uinput_event(0, 0, 0);
    }

}

impl Drop for UinputInjector {
    fn drop(&mut self) {
        let _ = ioctl(self.file.as_raw_fd(), UI_DEV_DESTROY, 0);
    }
}

fn char_to_linux_keycode(ch: char) -> Option<u16> {
    match ch.to_ascii_lowercase() {
        'a' => Some(30),
        'b' => Some(48),
        'c' => Some(46),
        'd' => Some(32),
        'e' => Some(18),
        'f' => Some(33),
        'g' => Some(34),
        'h' => Some(35),
        'i' => Some(23),
        'j' => Some(36),
        'k' => Some(37),
        'l' => Some(38),
        'm' => Some(50),
        'n' => Some(49),
        'o' => Some(24),
        'p' => Some(25),
        'q' => Some(16),
        'r' => Some(19),
        's' => Some(31),
        't' => Some(20),
        'u' => Some(22),
        'v' => Some(47),
        'w' => Some(17),
        'x' => Some(45),
        'y' => Some(21),
        'z' => Some(44),
        '0' => Some(11),
        '1' => Some(2),
        '2' => Some(3),
        '3' => Some(4),
        '4' => Some(5),
        '5' => Some(6),
        '6' => Some(7),
        '7' => Some(8),
        '8' => Some(9),
        '9' => Some(10),
        ' ' => Some(57),
        '.' => Some(52),
        ',' => Some(51),
        '-' => Some(12),
        '=' => Some(13),
        ';' => Some(39),
        '\'' => Some(40),
        '/' => Some(53),
        '\\' => Some(43),
        _ => None,
    }
}

// ioctl helper
fn ioctl(fd: std::os::unix::io::RawFd, request: u64, arg: u64) -> Result<i32, Box<dyn std::error::Error>> {
    unsafe {
        let result = libc::ioctl(fd, request, arg);
        if result < 0 {
            Err(format!("ioctl failed: {}", std::io::Error::last_os_error()).into())
        } else {
            Ok(result)
        }
    }
}

#[repr(C)]
struct input_event {
    time: timeval,
    type_: u16,
    code: u16,
    value: i32,
}

#[repr(C)]
#[derive(Clone, Copy)]
struct timeval {
    tv_sec: libc::time_t,
    tv_usec: libc::suseconds_t,
}

#[repr(C)]
struct uinput_setup {
    id: input_id,
    name: [i8; UINPUT_MAX_NAME_SIZE],
    ff_effects_max: u32,
}

#[repr(C)]
#[derive(Clone, Copy)]
struct input_id {
    bustype: u16,
    vendor: u16,
    product: u16,
    version: u16,
}