release: v0.1.7 — password detection, Telex enabled, GNOME Wayland support

CHANGELOG.md

@@ -1,6 +1,40 @@
 # Changelog
 
-## v0.1.6 (2026-06-29)
+## v0.1.7 (2026-07-01)
+
+### Password Auto-Detection
+
+- **AT-SPI2 D-Bus integration**: Queries `org.a11y.atspi.Registry.GetFocus` + `GetRole` to detect password fields (role 62 = `PASSWORD_TEXT`). Automatically disables Vietnamese input when typing into a password field, re-enables when focus moves away.
+- **Window-class fallback**: Password dialogs (pinentry, polkit, kwallet, ssh-askpass) are detected via `password_apps` config list.
+- **Window-title fallback**: Window titles containing "password", "passphrase", "sudo", "mật khẩu" trigger automatic English mode.
+
+### Telex Input Method
+
+- **Telex now fully enabled**: Both VNI and Telex are supported. Switch via Ctrl+Shift hotkey or tray menu "Input Method > Telex / VNI".
+- **Method status file** (`~/.config/vietc/method`): Daemon writes the current method so the tray can display it.
+- **Tray indicator**: Red "VN" for VNI, Blue "TLX" for Telex, Gray "EN" for English mode.
+- **Config option**: `toggle_method_key = "shift"` configures the Ctrl+Shift method toggle combo.
+
+### GNOME/Wayland Support
+
+- **Native GNOME Shell D-Bus integration**: Queries `org.gnome.Shell.Eval` for focused window class, ID, and title — works on Wayland GNOME where xdotool/xprop are unavailable.
+- **Window detection chain**: GNOME Shell D-Bus → wlrctl → xdotool → /proc — ensures window tracking works across all environments.
+- **Compositor detection**: Added GNOME/Mutter detection via `pgrep gnome-shell` and `XDG_CURRENT_DESKTOP`.
+- **Dependencies**: `dbus` crate (0.9) added for both AT-SPI2 and GNOME Shell D-Bus queries.
+
+### CLI Enhancements
+
+- **Pass-through characters**: All characters now appear in output (not just those that emit engine events).
+- **Screen display**: Backspace characters are properly applied to show what would appear on screen.
+- **State reset**: Each input line starts with a clean engine state.
+- **New commands**: `:help`, `:status`, `:vi`, `:en`, `:ar on|off`, `:macros`, `:macro add/rm/clear`, `:events`, `:events clear`.
+
+### Bug Fixes
+
+- **Engine state correctly reset between input lines** in CLI test harness.
+- **Flush characters forwarded** after macro expansion / auto-restore replacement to preserve spacing.
+
+---
 
 ### uinput-First Injection
 

README.md

@@ -2,8 +2,8 @@
   <img src="https://img.shields.io/badge/Platform-Linux-blue?style=for-the-badge" alt="Platform">
   <img src="https://img.shields.io/badge/Language-Rust-orange?style=for-the-badge" alt="Rust">
   <img src="https://img.shields.io/badge/License-MIT-green?style=for-the-badge" alt="License">
-  <img src="https://img.shields.io/badge/Version-0.1.6-purple?style=for-the-badge" alt="Version">
+  <img src="https://img.shields.io/badge/Version-0.1.7-purple?style=for-the-badge" alt="Version">
-  <img src="https://img.shields.io/badge/Tests-106_passing-brightgreen?style=for-the-badge" alt="Tests">
+  <img src="https://img.shields.io/badge/Tests-118_passing-brightgreen?style=for-the-badge" alt="Tests">
   <img src="https://img.shields.io/badge/Event_Sourcing-✓-blueviolet?style=for-the-badge" alt="Event Sourcing">
 </p>
 
@@ -61,9 +61,11 @@ Physical Keyboard
 │                                                              │
   │  Modifier keys (Ctrl/Alt/Super) → forward directly           │
   │  Ctrl+Space → toggle Vietnamese ON/OFF                       │
+  │  Ctrl+Shift → toggle VNI/Telex input method                  │
+  │  Password detected → auto-disable Vietnamese                 │
   │  Backspace → replay_backspace()                              │
   │  Characters → replay_and_inject(ch)                          │
-│  VNI control keys → consume when no match                    │
+  │  VNI/Telex control keys → consume when no match              │
 └──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
        │
        ▼
@@ -149,14 +151,15 @@ vietc/
 ├── daemon/                  # Main daemon process
 │   ├── main.rs              # Event loops, Backspace-Replay, CPU pinning
 │   ├── config.rs            # TOML config loader + hot reload
-│   ├── app_state.rs         # Per-app Vietnamese/English memory
+│   ├── app_state.rs         # Per-app VN/EN memory + password detection
+│   ├── password_detector.rs # AT-SPI2 D-Bus password field detection
 │   └── display.rs           # X11/Wayland/compositor detection
 │
 ├── uinputd/                 # Privileged uinput backspace daemon (VMK-style)
 │   └── main.rs              # Unix socket server for /dev/uinput injection
 │
 ├── ui/                      # System tray icon
-│   └── main.rs              # Tray + daemon launcher
+│   └── tray.rs              # Tray with VN/TLX/EN mode display
 │
 ├── cli/                     # Interactive test harness
 ├── packaging/               # .deb packaging scripts
@@ -214,7 +217,12 @@ vietc/
 
 ## Input Methods
 
-### VNI (default, Telex coming in next version)
+Both **VNI** and **Telex** are fully supported. Switch between them via:
+- **Ctrl+Shift** hotkey (toggle at runtime)
+- **System tray** menu: "Input Method > Telex / VNI"
+- **Config file**: `input_method = "vni"` or `"telex"`
+
+### VNI
 
 | Key | Result | Example |
 |-----|--------|---------|
@@ -228,7 +236,25 @@ vietc/
 | `8` | ă | `a8` → `ă` |
 | `9` | đ | `d9` → `đ` |
 
-Flexible typing: type the full syllable, then add marks/tone keys at the end. Example: `nguye6n4` → `nguyễn`. The engine scans backward up to 5 characters to find the target vowel.
+### Telex
+
+| Key | Result | Example |
+|-----|--------|---------|
+| `s` | á (sắc) | `as` → `á` |
+| `f` | à (huyền) | `af` → `à` |
+| `r` | ả (hỏi) | `ar` → `ả` |
+| `x` | ã (ngã) | `ax` → `ã` |
+| `j` | ạ (nặng) | `aj` → `ạ` |
+| `aa` | â | `aa` → `â` |
+| `ee` | ê | `ee` → `ê` |
+| `oo` | ô | `oo` → `ô` |
+| `ow` | ơ | `ow` → `ơ` |
+| `aw` | ă | `aw` → `ă` |
+| `uw` | ư | `uw` → `ư` |
+| `dd` | đ | `dd` → `đ` |
+| `w` | ươ (uo cluster) | `chuongw` → `chương` |
+
+Flexible typing: type the full syllable, then add marks/tone keys at the end. Examples: `tieengs` → `tiếng`, `nguyeexn` → `nguyễn`, `chafo` → `chào`. The engine scans backward up to 5 characters to find the target vowel.
 
 ---
 
@@ -248,6 +274,10 @@ Flexible typing: type the full syllable, then add marks/tone keys at the end. Ex
 | **Window-Switch Reset** | Active window ID verified on every keystroke — Alt+Tab instantly clears engine state. No stale composition across apps |
 | **CPU Priority** | Pins daemon to P-cores (0-3) + nice(-10) for low-latency input |
 | **Uinput Injection** | Uses `/dev/uinput` for reliable keyboard injection without X11 dependency. Falls back to XTest on systems without uinput access |
+| **Password Auto-Detection** | AT-SPI2 + window-class + window-title — automatically disables Vietnamese when typing into password fields |
+| **Method Toggle** | Ctrl+Shift switches between VNI and Telex at runtime; tray icon shows current mode (VN/TLX/EN) |
+| **GNOME/Wayland Support** | Native GNOME Shell D-Bus integration for window detection, app memory, and password detection on Wayland |
+| **VNI & Telex** | Both input methods fully supported, switchable at runtime |
 
 ---
 
@@ -287,7 +317,7 @@ System tray icon + daemon + desktop entry. Requires user to be in the `input` gr
 
 ```bash
 # Install
-sudo dpkg -i vietc_0.1.6-1_amd64.deb
+sudo dpkg -i vietc_0.1.7-1_amd64.deb
 
 # Log out and log back in (for input group membership to take effect)
 # Then launch "Viet+" from your application menu
@@ -318,7 +348,8 @@ Config file: `~/.config/vietc/config.toml` or `./vietc.toml`
 
 ```toml
 input_method = "vni"       # "vni" or "telex"
-toggle_key = "space"       # Ctrl+Space to toggle
+toggle_key = "space"       # Ctrl+Space to toggle VN/EN
+toggle_method_key = "shift" # Ctrl+Shift to toggle VNI/Telex
 start_enabled = true       # Vietnamese by default
 grab = true                # grab keyboard (evdev)
 
@@ -326,6 +357,16 @@ grab = true                # grab keyboard (evdev)
 enabled = true
 trigger_keys = ["space", "escape"]
 
+[password_detection]
+enabled = true
+check_atspi2 = true        # AT-SPI2 accessibility bus detection
+check_window_title = true
+title_keywords = ["password", "passphrase", "secret", "mật khẩu", "sudo"]
+password_apps = ["pinentry", "pinentry-gtk-2", "pinentry-qt",
+  "lxqt-sudo", "kdesudo", "gksudo",
+  "polkit-gnome-authentication-agent-1",
+  "kwallet", "gnome-keyring", "ssh-askpass"]
+
 [app_state]
 enabled = true
 english_apps = ["code", "vim", "kitty", "foot"]

cli/Cargo.toml

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 [package]
 name = "vietc-cli"
-version = "0.1.6"
+version = "0.1.7"
 edition = "2021"
 description = "Viet+ CLI Test Harness"
 

cli/src/main.rs

@@ -1,16 +1,47 @@
-// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
 use std::io::{self, Write};
-use vietc_engine::{Engine, EngineEvent, InputMethod};
+use vietc_engine::{Engine, EngineEvent, EventStore, InputEvent, InputMethod};
+
+struct CliState {
+    engine: Engine,
+    method: InputMethod,
+    events: EventStore,
+    macros: Vec<(String, String)>,
+    auto_restore: bool,
+}
+
+impl CliState {
+    fn new() -> Self {
+        Self {
+            engine: Engine::new(InputMethod::Telex),
+            method: InputMethod::Telex,
+            events: EventStore::new(),
+            macros: Vec::new(),
+            auto_restore: true,
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn set_method(&mut self, method: InputMethod) {
+        self.method = method;
+        self.engine.set_method(method);
+    }
+
+    fn status(&self) {
+        println!("  Method: {:?}", self.method);
+        println!("  Enabled: {}", self.engine.is_enabled());
+        println!("  Auto-restore: {}", self.auto_restore);
+        println!("  Buffer: {:?}", self.engine.buffer());
+        println!("  Macros: {} defined", self.macros.len());
+        for (s, e) in &self.macros {
+            println!("    {} -> {}", s, e);
+        }
+        println!("  Events: {} recorded", self.events.len());
+    }
+}
 
 fn main() {
-    let mut engine = Engine::new(InputMethod::Telex);
+    let mut state = CliState::new();
 
-    println!("Viet+ IME - Test Harness");
+    print_help();
-    println!("==========================");
-    println!("Type Vietnamese using Telex input.");
-    println!("Press Enter to flush, type 'quit' to exit.");
-    println!("Toggle method with ':vni' or ':telex'");
-    println!();
 
     loop {
         print!("> ");
@@ -20,82 +51,69 @@ fn main() {
         io::stdin().read_line(&mut input).unwrap();
         let input = input.trim();
 
+        if input.is_empty() {
+            continue;
+        }
+
         if input == "quit" || input == "exit" {
             break;
         }
 
-        if input == ":vni" {
+        if input.starts_with(':') {
-            engine.set_method(InputMethod::Vni);
+            handle_command(&mut state, input);
-            println!("[Switched to VNI]");
             continue;
         }
 
-        if input == ":telex" {
+        state.engine.reset();
-            engine.set_method(InputMethod::Telex);
-            println!("[Switched to Telex]");
-            continue;
-        }
-
-        if input == ":reset" {
-            engine.reset();
-            println!("[Engine reset]");
-            continue;
-        }
-
-        if input == ":buffer" {
-            println!("[Buffer: {:?}]", engine.buffer());
-            continue;
-        }
 
         let mut output = String::new();
         let mut events = Vec::new();
 
         for ch in input.chars() {
-            if let Some(event) = engine.process_key(ch) {
+            state.events.push(InputEvent::KeyTyped(ch));
+
+            match state.engine.process_key(ch) {
+                None => {
+                    output.push(ch);
+                }
+                Some(event) => {
                     events.push((ch, event.clone()));
                     match &event {
-                    EngineEvent::Flush(text) => {
+                        EngineEvent::Insert(text) | EngineEvent::Flush(text) => {
                             output.push_str(text);
                         }
-                    EngineEvent::Insert(text) => {
+                        EngineEvent::Paste(text) => {
                             output.push_str(text);
                         }
-                    EngineEvent::AutoRestore(word) => {
-                        // Auto-restore: delete the word and re-insert it
-                        for _ in 0..word.len() {
-                            output.push('\x08'); // backspace
-                        }
-                        output.push_str(word);
-                    }
                         EngineEvent::Replace { backspaces, insert } => {
                             for _ in 0..*backspaces {
                                 output.push('\x08');
                             }
                             output.push_str(insert);
+                            if is_flush_char(ch) {
+                                output.push(ch);
                             }
-                    EngineEvent::UndoTones {
+                        }
-                        backspaces,
+                        EngineEvent::UndoTones { backspaces, restored } => {
-                        restored,
-                    } => {
                             for _ in 0..*backspaces {
                                 output.push('\x08');
                             }
                             output.push_str(restored);
                         }
-                    EngineEvent::Paste(text) => {
+                        EngineEvent::AutoRestore(word) => {
-                        output.push_str(text);
+                            for _ in 0..word.len() {
+                                output.push('\x08');
+                            }
+                            output.push_str(word);
+                        }
                     }
                 }
             }
         }
 
-        // Flush remaining buffer
+        if let Some(event) = state.engine.flush() {
-        if let Some(event) = engine.flush() {
             match &event {
-                EngineEvent::Flush(text) => {
+                EngineEvent::Flush(text) | EngineEvent::Insert(text) => {
-                    output.push_str(text);
-                }
-                EngineEvent::Insert(text) => {
                     output.push_str(text);
                 }
                 _ => {}
@@ -104,10 +122,204 @@ fn main() {
         }
 
         println!("  Events: {:?}", events);
-        println!("  Output: {:?}", output);
+        println!("  Raw: {:?}", output);
 
-        // Show what it would look like
+        let display = apply_backspaces(&output);
-        let display: String = output.chars().filter(|c| *c != '\x08').collect();
+        println!("  Screen: {}", display);
-        println!("  Display: {}", display);
     }
 }
+
+fn print_help() {
+    println!("Viet+ IME - Test Harness");
+    println!("=========================");
+    println!("Type text with VNI/Telex to see engine output.");
+    println!();
+    println!("Commands:");
+    println!("  :help              Show this help");
+    println!("  :status            Show engine state");
+    println!("  :vi                Enable Vietnamese mode");
+    println!("  :en                Disable Vietnamese mode");
+    println!("  :ar on|off         Toggle auto-restore");
+    println!("  :vni               Switch to VNI input");
+    println!("  :telex             Switch to Telex input");
+    println!("  :reset             Reset engine buffer");
+    println!("  :buffer            Show composing buffer");
+    println!("  :events            Show event store history");
+    println!("  :events clear      Clear event store");
+    println!("  :macros            List macros");
+    println!("  :macro add <s> <e> Add macro shortcut->expansion");
+    println!("  :macro rm <s>      Remove a macro");
+    println!("  :macro clear       Clear all macros");
+    println!("  quit/exit          Quit");
+    println!();
+}
+
+fn handle_command(state: &mut CliState, input: &str) {
+    let parts: Vec<&str> = input.splitn(4, ' ').collect();
+    let cmd = parts[0];
+
+    match cmd {
+        ":help" | ":h" => print_help(),
+
+        ":status" | ":st" => state.status(),
+
+        ":vi" => {
+            state.engine.set_enabled(true);
+            println!("[Vietnamese mode ON]");
+        }
+
+        ":en" => {
+            state.engine.set_enabled(false);
+            println!("[Vietnamese mode OFF]");
+        }
+
+        ":ar" => {
+            if parts.len() < 2 {
+                println!("[Usage: :ar on|off]");
+                return;
+            }
+            match parts[1] {
+                "on" => {
+                    state.auto_restore = true;
+                    state.engine.set_auto_restore(true);
+                    println!("[Auto-restore ON]");
+                }
+                "off" => {
+                    state.auto_restore = false;
+                    state.engine.set_auto_restore(false);
+                    println!("[Auto-restore OFF]");
+                }
+                _ => println!("[Usage: :ar on|off]"),
+            }
+        }
+
+        ":vni" => {
+            state.set_method(InputMethod::Vni);
+            println!("[Switched to VNI]");
+        }
+
+        ":telex" => {
+            state.set_method(InputMethod::Telex);
+            println!("[Switched to Telex]");
+        }
+
+        ":reset" => {
+            state.engine.reset();
+            println!("[Engine reset]");
+        }
+
+        ":buffer" => {
+            println!("[Buffer: {:?}]", state.engine.buffer());
+        }
+
+        ":events" | ":ev" => {
+            if parts.len() > 1 && parts[1] == "clear" {
+                state.events.clear();
+                println!("[Event store cleared]");
+                return;
+            }
+            if state.events.is_empty() {
+                println!("[No events]");
+            } else {
+                println!("[Events: {}]", state.events.len());
+                for (i, event) in state.events.iter().enumerate() {
+                    println!("  {}: {:?}", i, event);
+                }
+                println!("  Raw keystrokes: {:?}", state.events.raw_keystrokes());
+                println!("  Pattern hash: {}", state.events.pattern_hash());
+            }
+        }
+
+        ":macros" => {
+            if state.macros.is_empty() {
+                println!("[No macros defined]");
+            } else {
+                println!("[Macros: {}]", state.macros.len());
+                for (s, e) in &state.macros {
+                    println!("  {} -> {}", s, e);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        ":macro" => {
+            if parts.len() < 2 {
+                println!("[Usage: :macro add <shortcut> <expansion> or :macro rm <s> or :macro clear]");
+                return;
+            }
+            match parts[1] {
+                "add" | "a" => {
+                    if parts.len() < 4 {
+                        println!("[Usage: :macro add <shortcut> <expansion>]");
+                        return;
+                    }
+                    let shortcut = parts[2].to_string();
+                    let expansion = parts[3].to_string();
+                    state.engine.add_macro(shortcut.clone(), expansion.clone());
+                    if let Some(pos) = state.macros.iter().position(|(s, _)| *s == shortcut) {
+                        state.macros[pos].1 = expansion.clone();
+                    } else {
+                        state.macros.push((shortcut.clone(), expansion.clone()));
+                    }
+                    println!("[Macro added: {} -> {}]", shortcut, expansion);
+                }
+                "rm" | "remove" | "del" => {
+                    if parts.len() < 3 {
+                        println!("[Usage: :macro rm <shortcut>]");
+                        return;
+                    }
+                    let shortcut = parts[2];
+                    if let Some(pos) = state.macros.iter().position(|(s, _)| s == shortcut) {
+                        state.macros.remove(pos);
+                        state.engine.clear_macros();
+                        for (s, e) in &state.macros {
+                            state.engine.add_macro(s.clone(), e.clone());
+                        }
+                        println!("[Macro removed: {}]", shortcut);
+                    } else {
+                        println!("[Macro not found: {}]", shortcut);
+                    }
+                }
+                "clear" | "c" => {
+                    state.engine.clear_macros();
+                    state.macros.clear();
+                    println!("[All macros cleared]");
+                }
+                _ => {
+                    let shortcut = parts[1].to_string();
+                    let expansion = parts.get(2).map(|s| s.to_string()).unwrap_or_default();
+                    if expansion.is_empty() {
+                        println!("[Usage: :macro add <shortcut> <expansion>]");
+                        return;
+                    }
+                    state.engine.add_macro(shortcut.clone(), expansion.clone());
+                    if let Some(pos) = state.macros.iter().position(|(s, _)| *s == shortcut) {
+                        state.macros[pos].1 = expansion.clone();
+                    } else {
+                        state.macros.push((shortcut.clone(), expansion.clone()));
+                    }
+                    println!("[Macro added: {} -> {}]", shortcut, expansion);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        _ => {
+            println!("[Unknown command: {}. Type :help for available commands]", cmd);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+fn is_flush_char(ch: char) -> bool {
+    matches!(ch, ' ' | '\t' | '.' | ',' | '!' | '?' | ';' | ':' | '\n')
+}
+
+fn apply_backspaces(s: &str) -> String {
+    let mut result = String::new();
+    for ch in s.chars() {
+        if ch == '\x08' {
+            result.pop();
+        } else {
+            result.push(ch);
+        }
+    }
+    result
+}

daemon/Cargo.toml

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 [package]
 name = "vietc-daemon"
-version = "0.1.6"
+version = "0.1.7"
 edition = "2021"
 description = "Viet+ background daemon"
 
@@ -21,3 +21,4 @@ serde = { version = "1", features = ["derive"] }
 evdev = "0.12"
 libc = "0.2"
 dirs = "5"
+dbus = "0.9"

daemon/src/app_state.rs

@@ -3,6 +3,8 @@ use std::collections::HashMap;
 use std::fs;
 use std::process::Command;
 
+use crate::password_detector::PasswordDetector;
+
 /// Query _NET_ACTIVE_WINDOW directly via X11 client library (dlopen).
 /// Works inside the Flatpak sandbox where xdotool/xprop are unavailable
 /// but libX11.so.6 is present in the GNOME runtime.  No external process
@@ -111,10 +113,44 @@ fn get_active_window_x11_dlopen() -> Option<String> {
     }
 }
 
+/// Get the active window's title (lowercase)
+pub fn get_active_window_title() -> Option<String> {
+    // Try GNOME Shell D-Bus (Wayland GNOME)
+    if let Some(title) = get_gnome_window_title() {
+        return Some(title.to_lowercase());
+    }
+
+    // Try X11 via xdotool
+    if let Ok(output) = Command::new("xdotool")
+        .args(["getactivewindow", "getwindowname"])
+        .output()
+    {
+        if output.status.success() {
+            let title = String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stdout).trim().to_string();
+            if !title.is_empty() {
+                return Some(title.to_lowercase());
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    None
+}
+
+/// Query GNOME Shell via D-Bus for the focused window's title
+fn get_gnome_window_title() -> Option<String> {
+    let js = "global.display.focus_window?.get_title() ?? ''";
+    let (_, title) = gnome_shell_eval(js)?;
+    if title.is_empty() { None } else { Some(title) }
+}
+
 /// Get the active window's X11 ID (unique per window — even within the same
 /// application).  Returns a unique window-identifier string.
 pub fn get_active_window_id() -> Option<String> {
-    // Try xdotool first (fast, direct)
+    // Try GNOME Shell D-Bus (Wayland GNOME) — returns hex window ID
+    if let Some(id) = get_gnome_active_window_id() {
+        return Some(id);
+    }
+
+    // Try xdotool first (fast, direct, X11)
     if let Ok(output) = Command::new("xdotool")
         .args(["getactivewindow"])
         .output()
@@ -152,9 +188,21 @@ pub fn get_active_window_id() -> Option<String> {
     None
 }
 
+/// Query GNOME Shell via D-Bus for the focused window's XID
+fn get_gnome_active_window_id() -> Option<String> {
+    let js = "global.display.focus_window?.get_id()?.toString(16) ?? ''";
+    let (_, id) = gnome_shell_eval(js)?;
+    if id.is_empty() { None } else { Some(format!("0x{}", id)) }
+}
+
 /// Detect the currently focused window's class name
 pub fn get_focused_window_class() -> Option<String> {
-    // Try Wayland first (wlr-foreign-toplevel)
+    // Try GNOME Shell D-Bus (Wayland GNOME)
+    if let Some(class) = get_gnome_focused_wm_class() {
+        return Some(class);
+    }
+
+    // Try Wayland via wlrctl (wlroots compositors)
     if let Some(class) = get_wayland_window_class() {
         return Some(class);
     }
@@ -172,6 +220,29 @@ pub fn get_focused_window_class() -> Option<String> {
     None
 }
 
+/// Query GNOME Shell via D-Bus for the focused window's WM class (app ID)
+fn get_gnome_focused_wm_class() -> Option<String> {
+    let js = "global.display.focus_window?.get_wm_class() ?? ''";
+    let (_, result) = gnome_shell_eval(js)?;
+    if result.is_empty() { None } else { Some(result.to_lowercase()) }
+}
+
+/// Execute JavaScript in GNOME Shell and return (success, output)
+fn gnome_shell_eval(js: &str) -> Option<(bool, String)> {
+    use std::time::Duration;
+    let conn = dbus::blocking::Connection::new_session().ok()?;
+    let proxy = dbus::blocking::Proxy::new(
+        "org.gnome.Shell",
+        "/org/gnome/Shell",
+        Duration::from_secs(1),
+        &conn,
+    );
+    let (success, output): (bool, String) = proxy
+        .method_call("org.gnome.Shell", "Eval", (js,))
+        .ok()?;
+    Some((success, output))
+}
+
 fn get_x11_window_class() -> Option<String> {
     let output = Command::new("xdotool")
         .args(["getactivewindow", "getwindowclassname"])
@@ -235,6 +306,16 @@ pub struct AppStateManager {
     bypass_apps: Vec<String>,
     /// Global enabled state
     global_enabled: bool,
+    /// Password detection config
+    password_enabled: bool,
+    check_atspi2: bool,
+    check_window_title: bool,
+    title_keywords: Vec<String>,
+    password_apps: Vec<String>,
+    /// Password detector (AT-SPI2)
+    password_detector: PasswordDetector,
+    /// Cached password field state
+    is_password_field: bool,
 }
 
 impl AppStateManager {
@@ -251,9 +332,82 @@ impl AppStateManager {
             vietnamese_apps: vietnamese_apps.iter().map(|s| s.to_lowercase()).collect(),
             bypass_apps: bypass_apps.iter().map(|s| s.to_lowercase()).collect(),
             global_enabled,
+            password_enabled: false,
+            check_atspi2: true,
+            check_window_title: true,
+            title_keywords: Vec::new(),
+            password_apps: Vec::new(),
+            password_detector: PasswordDetector::new(),
+            is_password_field: false,
         }
     }
 
+    /// Update password detection config
+    pub fn set_password_config(
+        &mut self,
+        enabled: bool,
+        check_atspi2: bool,
+        check_window_title: bool,
+        title_keywords: Vec<String>,
+        password_apps: Vec<String>,
+    ) {
+        self.password_enabled = enabled;
+        self.check_atspi2 = check_atspi2;
+        self.check_window_title = check_window_title;
+        self.title_keywords = title_keywords.iter().map(|s| s.to_lowercase()).collect();
+        self.password_apps = password_apps.iter().map(|s| s.to_lowercase()).collect();
+    }
+
+    /// Check if the current focused widget is a password field
+    /// Returns true if password detected, forcing English mode
+    pub fn check_password_field(&mut self) -> bool {
+        if !self.password_enabled {
+            self.is_password_field = false;
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        // Layer 1: AT-SPI2 (most accurate, works in terminals and dialogs)
+        if self.check_atspi2 {
+            if let Some(is_password) = self.password_detector.check() {
+                self.is_password_field = is_password;
+                if is_password {
+                    log_password_detection("AT-SPI2", &self.current_app);
+                }
+                return is_password;
+            }
+        }
+
+        // Layer 2: Window class match (for known password dialogs)
+        for pattern in &self.password_apps {
+            if self.current_app.contains(pattern.as_str()) {
+                self.is_password_field = true;
+                log_password_detection("window-class", &self.current_app);
+                return true;
+            }
+        }
+
+        // Layer 3: Window title heuristic (for sudo prompts, browser dialogs)
+        if self.check_window_title {
+            if let Some(title) = get_active_window_title() {
+                for keyword in &self.title_keywords {
+                    if title.contains(keyword.as_str()) {
+                        self.is_password_field = true;
+                        log_password_detection("window-title", &title);
+                        return true;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        self.is_password_field = false;
+        false
+    }
+
+    /// Is the current widget a password field? (cached)
+    pub fn is_password_field(&self) -> bool {
+        self.is_password_field
+    }
+
     /// Check if focused app changed with a pre-detected class and return whether engine should be enabled
     pub fn update_with_app(&mut self, new_class: String) -> Option<bool> {
         if new_class == self.current_app {
@@ -270,7 +424,7 @@ impl AppStateManager {
     }
 
     /// Get the default Vietnamese state for the current app
-    fn get_default_state(&self) -> bool {
+    pub fn get_default_state(&self) -> bool {
         if !self.global_enabled {
             return false;
         }
@@ -378,6 +532,10 @@ impl AppStateManager {
     }
 }
 
+fn log_password_detection(method: &str, context: &str) {
+    eprintln!("[vietc] Password field detected via {}: {}", method, context);
+}
+
 fn override_path() -> std::path::PathBuf {
     std::env::var("XDG_CONFIG_HOME")
         .ok()

daemon/src/config.rs

@@ -14,12 +14,18 @@ pub struct Config {
     #[serde(default = "default_toggle_key")]
     pub toggle_key: String,
 
+    #[serde(default = "default_toggle_method_key")]
+    pub toggle_method_key: String,
+
     #[serde(default = "default_start_enabled")]
     pub start_enabled: bool,
 
     #[serde(default)]
     pub auto_restore: AutoRestoreConfig,
 
+    #[serde(default)]
+    pub password_detection: PasswordDetectionConfig,
+
     #[serde(default)]
     pub app_state: AppStateConfig,
 
@@ -33,6 +39,37 @@ pub struct Config {
     pub debug: bool,
 }
 
+#[derive(Debug, Deserialize)]
+#[allow(dead_code)]
+pub struct PasswordDetectionConfig {
+    #[serde(default = "default_true")]
+    pub enabled: bool,
+
+    #[serde(default = "default_true")]
+    pub check_atspi2: bool,
+
+    #[serde(default = "default_true")]
+    pub check_window_title: bool,
+
+    #[serde(default = "default_title_keywords")]
+    pub title_keywords: Vec<String>,
+
+    #[serde(default = "default_password_apps")]
+    pub password_apps: Vec<String>,
+}
+
+impl Default for PasswordDetectionConfig {
+    fn default() -> Self {
+        Self {
+            enabled: true,
+            check_atspi2: true,
+            check_window_title: true,
+            title_keywords: default_title_keywords(),
+            password_apps: default_password_apps(),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
 #[derive(Debug, Deserialize)]
 #[allow(dead_code)]
 pub struct AutoRestoreConfig {
@@ -85,6 +122,9 @@ fn default_input_method() -> String {
 fn default_toggle_key() -> String {
     "space".into()
 }
+fn default_toggle_method_key() -> String {
+    "shift".into()
+}
 fn default_start_enabled() -> bool {
     true
 }
@@ -97,6 +137,30 @@ fn default_false() -> bool {
 fn default_restore_keys() -> Vec<String> {
     vec!["space".into(), "escape".into()]
 }
+fn default_title_keywords() -> Vec<String> {
+    vec![
+        "password".into(),
+        "passphrase".into(),
+        "secret".into(),
+        "mật khẩu".into(),
+        "mk".into(),
+        "sudo".into(),
+    ]
+}
+fn default_password_apps() -> Vec<String> {
+    vec![
+        "pinentry".into(),
+        "pinentry-gtk-2".into(),
+        "pinentry-qt".into(),
+        "lxqt-sudo".into(),
+        "kdesudo".into(),
+        "gksudo".into(),
+        "polkit-gnome-authentication-agent-1".into(),
+        "kwallet".into(),
+        "gnome-keyring".into(),
+        "ssh-askpass".into(),
+    ]
+}
 
 fn default_english_apps() -> Vec<String> {
     vec![
@@ -192,8 +256,10 @@ impl Default for Config {
         Self {
             input_method: default_input_method(),
             toggle_key: default_toggle_key(),
+            toggle_method_key: default_toggle_method_key(),
             start_enabled: default_start_enabled(),
             auto_restore: AutoRestoreConfig::default(),
+            password_detection: PasswordDetectionConfig::default(),
             app_state: AppStateConfig::default(),
             macros,
             grab: false, // default false so daemon works without root (needs input group for uinput)
@@ -401,4 +467,30 @@ unknown_field = "value"
         let config: Config = toml::from_str(toml).unwrap();
         assert_eq!(config.input_method, "telex");
     }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn parse_password_detection() {
+        let toml = r#"
+[password_detection]
+enabled = true
+check_atspi2 = true
+check_window_title = true
+title_keywords = ["password", "passphrase"]
+password_apps = ["pinentry", "kwallet"]
+"#;
+        let config: Config = toml::from_str(toml).unwrap();
+        assert!(config.password_detection.enabled);
+        assert!(config.password_detection.check_atspi2);
+        assert_eq!(config.password_detection.title_keywords, vec!["password", "passphrase"]);
+        assert_eq!(config.password_detection.password_apps, vec!["pinentry", "kwallet"]);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn parse_toggle_method_key() {
+        let toml = r#"
+toggle_method_key = "shift"
+"#;
+        let config: Config = toml::from_str(toml).unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(config.toggle_method_key, "shift");
+    }
 }

daemon/src/display.rs

@@ -85,5 +85,19 @@ pub fn detect_compositor() -> Option<String> {
         }
     }
 
+    // Check for GNOME/Mutter (Ubuntu default)
+    if let Ok(output) = Command::new("pgrep").arg("-x").arg("gnome-shell").output() {
+        if output.status.success() {
+            return Some("GNOME (Mutter)".into());
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Check XDG_CURRENT_DESKTOP for GNOME
+    if let Ok(desktop) = std::env::var("XDG_CURRENT_DESKTOP") {
+        if desktop.to_lowercase().contains("gnome") {
+            return Some("GNOME".into());
+        }
+    }
+
     None
 }

daemon/src/main.rs

@@ -37,10 +37,12 @@ fn boost_thread_priority() {
 mod app_state;
 mod config;
 mod display;
+mod password_detector;
 
 use app_state::AppStateManager;
 use config::Config;
 
+
 #[cfg(feature = "x11")]
 use vietc_protocol::x11_capture::X11Capture;
 use vietc_protocol::x11_capture::SKIP_RECORD_EVENTS;
@@ -143,6 +145,13 @@ impl Daemon {
             config.start_enabled,
         );
         app_state.load_overrides();
+        app_state.set_password_config(
+            config.password_detection.enabled,
+            config.password_detection.check_atspi2,
+            config.password_detection.check_window_title,
+            config.password_detection.title_keywords.clone(),
+            config.password_detection.password_apps.clone(),
+        );
 
         let config_modified = fs::metadata(&config_path)
             .and_then(|m| m.modified())
@@ -171,6 +180,28 @@ impl Daemon {
         }
     }
 
+    fn write_method_status(&self) {
+        if let Some(parent) = self.config_path.parent() {
+            let method_path = parent.join("method");
+            let method = &self.config.input_method;
+            let _ = std::fs::write(method_path, method);
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn toggle_method(&mut self) {
+        let new_method = match self.config.input_method.as_str() {
+            "vni" => InputMethod::Telex,
+            _ => InputMethod::Vni,
+        };
+        self.config.input_method = match new_method {
+            InputMethod::Vni => "vni".into(),
+            InputMethod::Telex => "telex".into(),
+        };
+        self.engine.set_method(new_method);
+        self.write_method_status();
+        log_info(&format!("[vietc] Input method toggled to: {}", self.config.input_method));
+    }
+
     fn sync_status_file(&mut self) {
         if let Some(parent) = self.config_path.parent() {
             let status_path = parent.join("status");
@@ -214,6 +245,14 @@ impl Daemon {
                     new_config.app_state.bypass_apps.clone(),
                 );
 
+                self.app_state.set_password_config(
+                    new_config.password_detection.enabled,
+                    new_config.password_detection.check_atspi2,
+                    new_config.password_detection.check_window_title,
+                    new_config.password_detection.title_keywords.clone(),
+                    new_config.password_detection.password_apps.clone(),
+                );
+
                 self.grab_enabled = new_config.grab;
                 self.config = new_config;
                 self.config_modified = modified;
@@ -996,6 +1035,31 @@ fn run_with_evdev(
                     continue;
                 }
 
+                // Ctrl+LeftShift: toggle VNI/Telex input method
+                if value == 1 && is_method_toggle_state(&key_state)
+                {
+                    daemon.toggle_method();
+                    continue;
+                }
+
+                // Password field check: disable engine if typing into a password field
+                if value == 1 {
+                    let is_pw = daemon.app_state.is_password_field();
+                    let currently_enabled = daemon.engine.is_enabled();
+                    if is_pw && currently_enabled {
+                        daemon.engine.set_enabled(false);
+                        daemon.write_status();
+                        log_info("[vietc] Password field detected — engine disabled");
+                    } else if !is_pw && !currently_enabled && daemon.config.start_enabled {
+                        // Only re-enable if we're not in a manual toggle state
+                        let default_state = daemon.app_state.get_default_state();
+                        if default_state {
+                            daemon.engine.set_enabled(true);
+                            daemon.write_status();
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+
                 if !grabbed {
                     // Legacy mode: only forward to engine on press events
                     if value != 1 {
@@ -1074,6 +1138,15 @@ fn run_with_evdev(
                                     };
                                     daemon.check_app_change_with(class);
                                 }
+
+                                // Re-check password field status on window change
+                                if daemon.config.password_detection.enabled {
+                                    let is_pw = daemon.app_state.check_password_field();
+                                    if is_pw && daemon.engine.is_enabled() {
+                                        daemon.engine.set_enabled(false);
+                                        daemon.write_status();
+                                    }
+                                }
                             } else if daemon.config.app_state.enabled {
                                 let class = shared_window_class.lock().unwrap().clone();
                                 if !class.is_empty() {
@@ -1351,6 +1424,19 @@ fn is_caps_lock_on(device: &evdev::Device) -> bool {
     }
 }
 
+fn is_method_toggle_state(key_state: &evdev::AttributeSet<evdev::Key>) -> bool {
+    let ctrl_pressed = key_state.contains(evdev::Key::KEY_LEFTCTRL)
+        || key_state.contains(evdev::Key::KEY_RIGHTCTRL);
+    let shift_pressed = key_state.contains(evdev::Key::KEY_LEFTSHIFT);
+    // Require Ctrl + LeftShift specifically, no other modifiers
+    ctrl_pressed && shift_pressed
+        && !key_state.contains(evdev::Key::KEY_RIGHTSHIFT)
+        && !key_state.contains(evdev::Key::KEY_LEFTALT)
+        && !key_state.contains(evdev::Key::KEY_RIGHTALT)
+        && !key_state.contains(evdev::Key::KEY_LEFTMETA)
+        && !key_state.contains(evdev::Key::KEY_RIGHTMETA)
+}
+
 fn is_toggle_combination_state(key_state: &evdev::AttributeSet<evdev::Key>, key: &str) -> bool {
     let ctrl_pressed = key_state.contains(evdev::Key::KEY_LEFTCTRL)
         || key_state.contains(evdev::Key::KEY_RIGHTCTRL);

daemon/src/password_detector.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+use std::collections::HashMap;
+use std::time::Duration;
+
+use dbus::arg::{RefArg, Variant};
+use dbus::blocking::Connection;
+
+const ROLE_PASSWORD_TEXT: i32 = 62;
+
+pub struct PasswordDetector {
+    cached: Option<bool>,
+    atspi_ok: bool,
+}
+
+impl PasswordDetector {
+    pub fn new() -> Self {
+        Self { cached: None, atspi_ok: false }
+    }
+
+    pub fn check(&mut self) -> Option<bool> {
+        let r = self.check_atspi2();
+        self.atspi_ok = r.is_some();
+        if let Some(v) = r {
+            self.cached = Some(v);
+        }
+        r
+    }
+
+    pub fn is_available(&self) -> bool {
+        self.atspi_ok
+    }
+
+    pub fn cached_result(&self) -> Option<bool> {
+        self.cached
+    }
+
+    fn check_atspi2(&self) -> Option<bool> {
+        let conn = Connection::new_session().ok()?;
+        let timeout = Duration::from_secs(2);
+
+        let proxy = conn.with_proxy(
+            "org.a11y.atspi.Registry",
+            "/org/a11y/atspi/registry",
+            timeout,
+        );
+
+        let (bus_name, props, _children): (String, HashMap<String, Variant<Box<dyn RefArg>>>, Vec<Variant<Box<dyn RefArg>>>) =
+            proxy.method_call("org.a11y.atspi.Registry", "GetFocus", ()).ok()?;
+
+        let path_variant = props.get("path")?;
+        let path_str = path_variant.0.as_str()?;
+
+        let acc_proxy = conn.with_proxy(&bus_name, path_str, timeout);
+
+        let (role,): (i32,) = acc_proxy.method_call("org.a11y.atspi.Accessible", "GetRole", ()).ok()?;
+
+        Some(role == ROLE_PASSWORD_TEXT)
+    }
+}

engine/Cargo.toml

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 [package]
 name = "vietc-engine"
-version = "0.1.6"
+version = "0.1.7"
 edition = "2021"
 description = "Viet+ Vietnamese IME Core Engine"
 

protocol/Cargo.toml

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 [package]
 name = "vietc-protocol"
-version = "0.1.6"
+version = "0.1.7"
 edition = "2021"
 description = "Viet+ keystroke injection backends (X11/Wayland)"
 

ui/Cargo.toml

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 [package]
 name = "vietc-tray"
-version = "0.1.6"
+version = "0.1.7"
 edition = "2021"
 description = "Viet+ system tray icon"
 

ui/src/tray.rs

@@ -12,6 +12,23 @@ fn write_status(state: &str) {
     }
 }
 
+fn read_method() -> String {
+    let path = dirs::config_dir()
+        .map(|d| d.join("vietc").join("method"))
+        .unwrap_or_else(|| std::path::PathBuf::from("/tmp/vietc-method"));
+    std::fs::read_to_string(&path)
+        .map(|s| s.trim().to_string())
+        .unwrap_or_else(|_| {
+            config::Config::load().input_method
+        })
+}
+
+fn write_method(method: &str) {
+    if let Some(config_dir) = dirs::config_dir() {
+        let _ = std::fs::write(config_dir.join("vietc").join("method"), method);
+    }
+}
+
 fn read_status() -> String {
     let path = dirs::config_dir()
         .map(|d| d.join("vietc").join("status"))
@@ -68,6 +85,11 @@ fn ensure_icons() {
   <text x="64" y="96" text-anchor="middle" fill="#ffffff" font-size="48" font-weight="bold" font-family="system-ui, sans-serif">VN</text>
 </svg>"##;
 
+    let svg_tlx = r##"<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 128 128">
+  <rect x="8" y="8" width="112" height="112" rx="24" fill="#2563eb"/>
+  <text x="64" y="96" text-anchor="middle" fill="#ffffff" font-size="48" font-weight="bold" font-family="system-ui, sans-serif">TLX</text>
+</svg>"##;
+
     let svg_en = r##"<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 128 128">
   <rect x="8" y="8" width="112" height="112" rx="24" fill="#4b5563"/>
   <text x="64" y="96" text-anchor="middle" fill="#ffffff" font-size="48" font-weight="bold" font-family="system-ui, sans-serif">EN</text>
@@ -78,11 +100,15 @@ fn ensure_icons() {
     if let Some(home_icons) = &home {
         let _ = std::fs::create_dir_all(&home_icons);
         let vn_path = home_icons.join("vietc-vn.svg");
+        let tlx_path = home_icons.join("vietc-tlx.svg");
         let en_path = home_icons.join("vietc-en.svg");
 
         if !vn_path.exists() {
             let _ = std::fs::write(&vn_path, svg_vn);
         }
+        if !tlx_path.exists() {
+            let _ = std::fs::write(&tlx_path, svg_tlx);
+        }
         if !en_path.exists() {
             let _ = std::fs::write(&en_path, svg_en);
         }
@@ -95,11 +121,15 @@ fn ensure_icons() {
         let _ = std::fs::create_dir_all(&icons_dir);
 
         let vn_theme = icons_dir.join("hicolor/scalable/apps/vietc-vn.svg");
+        let tlx_theme = icons_dir.join("hicolor/scalable/apps/vietc-tlx.svg");
         let en_theme = icons_dir.join("hicolor/scalable/apps/vietc-en.svg");
 
         if !vn_theme.exists() {
             let _ = std::fs::write(&vn_theme, svg_vn);
         }
+        if !tlx_theme.exists() {
+            let _ = std::fs::write(&tlx_theme, svg_tlx);
+        }
         if !en_theme.exists() {
             let _ = std::fs::write(&en_theme, svg_en);
         }
@@ -247,12 +277,17 @@ impl Tray for VietTray {
     }
 
     fn icon_name(&self) -> String {
+        let is_tlx = self.mode == "vn" && self.im == "telex";
         if is_flatpak() {
-            if self.mode == "vn" {
+            if is_tlx {
+                "io.github.vietc.VietPlus.vietc-tlx".into()
+            } else if self.mode == "vn" {
                 "io.github.vietc.VietPlus.vietc-vn".into()
             } else {
                 "io.github.vietc.VietPlus.vietc-en".into()
             }
+        } else if is_tlx {
+            "vietc-tlx".into()
         } else if self.mode == "vn" {
             "vietc-vn".into()
         } else {
@@ -280,10 +315,13 @@ impl Tray for VietTray {
 
     fn icon_pixmap(&self) -> Vec<ksni::Icon> {
         let is_vn = self.mode == "vn";
-        let bg_color = if is_vn {
+        let is_tlx = self.mode == "vn" && self.im == "telex";
-            [255, 224, 36, 36] // A, R, G, B
+        let bg_color = if is_vn && !is_tlx {
+            [255, 224, 36, 36] // Red for VNI
+        } else if is_tlx {
+            [255, 37, 99, 235] // Blue for Telex
         } else {
-            [255, 75, 85, 99]
+            [255, 75, 85, 99]  // Gray for English
         };
         let fg_color = [255, 255, 255, 255];
 
@@ -319,7 +357,18 @@ impl Tray for VietTray {
             }
         }
 
-        if is_vn {
+        if is_tlx {
+            // T
+            draw_line(&mut data, 6, 10, 15, 10, fg_color);
+            draw_line(&mut data, 6, 11, 15, 11, fg_color);
+            draw_line(&mut data, 10, 10, 10, 21, fg_color);
+            draw_line(&mut data, 11, 10, 11, 21, fg_color);
+            // X
+            draw_line(&mut data, 18, 10, 26, 21, fg_color);
+            draw_line(&mut data, 19, 10, 27, 21, fg_color);
+            draw_line(&mut data, 26, 10, 18, 21, fg_color);
+            draw_line(&mut data, 27, 10, 19, 21, fg_color);
+        } else if is_vn {
             // V
             draw_line(&mut data, 6, 10, 11, 21, fg_color);
             draw_line(&mut data, 7, 10, 12, 21, fg_color);
@@ -369,7 +418,7 @@ impl Tray for VietTray {
 
     fn menu(&self) -> Vec<MenuItem<Self>> {
         let is_vn = self.mode == "vn";
-        let im_index = if self.im == "telex" { 0 } else { 1 };
+        let im_index = if self.im == "telex" { 0_usize } else { 1_usize };
 
         let mut items = vec![
             CheckmarkItem {
@@ -409,13 +458,12 @@ impl Tray for VietTray {
                         let mut cfg = config::Config::load();
                         cfg.input_method = im.into();
                         let _ = cfg.save();
+                        write_method(im);
                         this.im = im.into();
                     }),
                     options: vec![
                         RadioItem {
-                            label: "Telex (next version)".into(),
+                            label: "Telex".into(),
-                            enabled: false,
-                            disposition: Disposition::Informative,
                             ..Default::default()
                         },
                         RadioItem {
@@ -542,7 +590,7 @@ pub fn run() {
         loop {
             std::thread::sleep(std::time::Duration::from_millis(100));
             let mode = read_status();
-            let im = current_im();
+            let im = read_method();
             let autostart = config::is_autostart_installed();
             // Also check status_changed flag for immediate updates
             let _ = handle.update(move |t| {

uinputd/Cargo.toml

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 [package]
 name = "vietc-uinputd"
-version = "0.1.6"
+version = "0.1.7"
 edition = "2021"
 description = "Viet+ privileged uinput backspace injection daemon"