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docs: rewrite README with Backspace-Replay, add CHANGELOG.md

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CHANGELOG.md Normal file
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# Changelog
## v0.1.0 (2026-06-26)
Initial release.
### Engine
- Direct Input engine — no pre-edit buffer, no underline, no text duplication
- Telex and VNI input methods
- Flexible diacritic placement (tone/modifier at end of syllable)
- Auto-restore English words on space/ESC
- ESC undo (strip all tones from current word)
- Macro expansion with custom shortcuts
- Casing preservation (titlecase, uppercase)
### Injection
- X11 keyboard capture via XGrabKeyboard (no root, no /dev/input)
- Direct X11 clipboard injection (XSetSelectionOwner + XTest Ctrl+V)
- Bundled xclip + wl-copy for Wayland fallback
- Unified injection channel to prevent ordering race conditions
### Daemon
- **Backspace-Replay pattern** — replays entire keystroke history through a fresh engine on every keypress, eliminating state desync
- FocusIn/FocusOut detection for automatic engine reset
- CPU pinning to P-cores (0-3) + nice(-10) priority boost
- Hot-reload config without restart
- Smart app memory (per-application Vietnamese/English)
- Persistent logging with 10MB rotation
### Packaging
- AppImage with bundled xclip (no manual setup needed)
- Debian package with proper conffiles, maintainer scripts, and lintian overrides
- Systemd user service
### Testing
- 255+ unit tests across engine, protocol, daemon config, and replay

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README.md
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@ -13,7 +13,7 @@
<p align="center"> <p align="center">
<b>Vietnamese Input Method for Linux</b><br> <b>Vietnamese Input Method for Linux</b><br>
<sub>Zero underline &bull; Native Wayland/X11 &bull; Built in Rust</sub> <sub>Zero underline &bull; Native X11 &bull; Backspace-Replay sync &bull; Built in Rust</sub>
</p> </p>
## About Viet+ ## About Viet+
@ -23,45 +23,7 @@ Viet+ is a modern Vietnamese input method for Linux that eliminates the **underl
- **No pre-edit buffer** — keystrokes are instantly converted to Unicode - **No pre-edit buffer** — keystrokes are instantly converted to Unicode
- **No underline** — clean, distraction-free typing - **No underline** — clean, distraction-free typing
- **No text duplication** — just pure Vietnamese - **No text duplication** — just pure Vietnamese
- **Smart modifier overriding** — most recently typed shape modifier key takes precedence - **Backspace-Replay sync** — engine state never desyncs from what's on screen
- **Tone preservation** — tones are preserved perfectly when overriding shape modifiers
- **Both Telex and VNI** — support for both Vietnamese input methods
The engine handles complex linguistic rules including:
- Shape modifier overriding (â↔ă, ô↔ơ, ơ→ô, ă→â)
- Smart cluster handling (uô+w→ươ, ươ+o→uô)
- VNI digit modifiers (6/7/8) following the same override logic
- Flexible end-of-word placement for tones and modifiers
- Complex consonant handling (ngh, ngh, đ)
The injection layer ensures Vietnamese characters appear correctly by running injection tools (xdotool, wtype, wl-copy, xclip) as the original user, not root, to access the display. This works on both X11 (pkexec) and Wayland (sudo) without requiring password dialogs.
Viet+ is designed for high performance with native setuid/setgid user context switching to avoid slow sudo/PAM overhead, zero telemetry, and full FOSS licensing.
## Why Viet+?
Most Vietnamese input methods on Linux suffer from **underline hell** — pre-edit buffers that duplicate text, show ugly underlines, and break your flow. Viet+ takes a different approach:
> **Direct Input** — keystrokes are instantly converted to Unicode. No pre-edit buffer. No underline. No text duplication. Just pure Vietnamese.
---
<p align="center">
<a href="#features">Features</a> &bull;
<a href="#quick-start">Quick Start</a> &bull;
<a href="#input-methods">Input Methods</a> &bull;
<a href="#configuration">Configuration</a> &bull;
<a href="#installation">Installation</a> &bull;
<a href="#building">Building</a>
</p>
---
## Why Viet+?
Most Vietnamese input methods on Linux suffer from **underline hell** — pre-edit buffers that duplicate text, show ugly underlines, and break your flow. Viet+ takes a different approach:
> **Direct Input** — keystrokes are instantly converted to Unicode. No pre-edit buffer. No underline. No text duplication. Just pure Vietnamese.
--- ---
@ -70,22 +32,30 @@ Most Vietnamese input methods on Linux suffer from **underline hell** — pre-ed
| Feature | Description | | Feature | Description |
|---------|-------------| |---------|-------------|
| **Direct Input Engine** | No pre-edit buffer, no underline, no text duplication | | **Direct Input Engine** | No pre-edit buffer, no underline, no text duplication |
| **Backspace-Replay** | Replays entire keystroke history through a fresh engine on every keypress — eliminates state desync |
| **Telex & VNI** | Both input methods fully supported | | **Telex & VNI** | Both input methods fully supported |
| **Flexible Diacritic Placement** | Type modifiers/tone marks at end of syllable (e.g., `tranaf` → `trần`) | | **Flexible Diacritic Placement** | Type modifiers/tone marks at end of syllable (e.g., `tranaf` -> `trần`) |
| **Auto-Restore English** | Hit space/ESC to undo accidental Vietnamese conversion | | **Auto-Restore English** | Hit space/ESC to undo accidental Vietnamese conversion |
| **ESC Undo** | Strip all tones from the current word instantly | | **ESC Undo** | Strip all tones from the current word instantly |
| **Smart App Memory** | Remembers Vietnamese/English per application | | **Smart App Memory** | Remembers Vietnamese/English per application |
| **Macro Expansion** | Custom shortcuts (e.g., `ko` → `không`) | | **Macro Expansion** | Custom shortcuts (e.g., `ko` -> `không`) |
| **Unified Injection** | Unified channel backspace and typing injection to prevent ordering race conditions | | **Focus Reset** | Automatically clears engine state on focus change between apps |
| **Focus Buffer Auto-Reset** | Automatically clears the engine's compose buffer on focus change between apps | | **Casing Preservation** | Syllable substitutions preserve your exact casing (e.g. `Saa` -> `Sả`, `SAA` -> `SẢ`) |
| **Logging & Rotation** | Persistent logging at `~/.config/vietc/vietc.log` with automatic 10MB rotation | | **CPU Priority** | Pins daemon to P-cores + nice(-10) for low-latency input |
| **Hot Reload** | Config changes apply without restart |
| **Casing Preservation** | Syllable substitutions preserve your exact typing casing (e.g. `Saa` → `Sả`, `SAA` → `SẢ`) |
| **High-Performance Injection** | Direct native setuid/setgid user context switching to run injection tools instantly with no slow sudo/PAM overhead |
| **Zero Telemetry** | No keylogging, no network calls, fully FOSS | | **Zero Telemetry** | No keylogging, no network calls, fully FOSS |
--- ---
## Why Viet+?
Most Vietnamese input methods on Linux suffer from **underline hell** — pre-edit buffers that duplicate text, show ugly underlines, and break your flow. Viet+ takes a different approach:
> **Direct Input** — keystrokes are instantly converted to Unicode. No pre-edit buffer. No underline. No text duplication. Just pure Vietnamese.
The **Backspace-Replay** pattern keeps the engine perfectly in sync: instead of tracking state incrementally (which can desync), Viet+ replays the entire keystroke history through a fresh engine on every keypress. The screen output is always recomputed from scratch.
---
## Quick Start ## Quick Start
```bash ```bash
@ -97,8 +67,8 @@ make build-all
# Test the engine interactively # Test the engine interactively
cargo run --bin vietc-cli cargo run --bin vietc-cli
# Run the daemon (requires root for keyboard grab + uinput) # Run the daemon
sudo make run cargo run --bin vietc
# Or download a package from the releases page # Or download a package from the releases page
# AppImage: ./Viet+-0.1.0-x86_64.AppImage # AppImage: ./Viet+-0.1.0-x86_64.AppImage
@ -109,23 +79,22 @@ sudo make run
## Input Methods ## Input Methods
### Telex (Default) ### Telex
| Key | Result | Example | | Key | Result | Example |
|-----|--------|---------| |-----|--------|---------|
| `aa` | â | `tan` → `tân` | | `aa` | â | `tan` -> `tân` |
| `aw` | ă | `tan` → `tăn` | | `aw` | ă | `tan` -> `tăn` |
| `ee` | ê | `men` → `mên` | | `ee` | ê | `men` -> `mên` |
| `oo` | ô | `to` → `tô` | | `oo` | ô | `to` -> `tô` |
| `ow` | ơ | `to` → `tơ` | | `ow` | ơ | `to` -> `tơ` |
| `ew` | ê | `en` → `ên` | | `uw` | ư | `tu` -> `tư` |
| `uw` | ư | `tu` → `tư` | | `s` | á (sắc) | `as` -> `á` |
| `s` | á (sắc) | `as` → `á` | | `f` | à (huyền) | `af` -> `à` |
| `f` | à (huyền) | `af` → `à` | | `r` | ả (hỏi) | `ar` -> `ả` |
| `r` | ả (hỏi) | `ar` → `ả` | | `x` | ã (ngã) | `ax` -> `ã` |
| `x` | ã (ngã) | `ax` → `ã` | | `j` | ạ (nặng) | `aj` -> `ạ` |
| `j` | ạ (nặng) | `aj` → `ạ` | | `dd` | đ | `dd` -> `đ` |
| `dd` | đ | `dd` → `đ` |
### VNI ### VNI
@ -150,13 +119,14 @@ sudo make run
Config file: `~/.config/vietc/config.toml` or `./vietc.toml` Config file: `~/.config/vietc/config.toml` or `./vietc.toml`
```toml ```toml
input_method = "telex" input_method = "vni"
toggle_key = "space" toggle_key = "space"
start_enabled = true start_enabled = false
debug = false grab = true
[auto_restore] [auto_restore]
enabled = true enabled = true
trigger_keys = ["space", "escape"]
[app_state] [app_state]
enabled = true enabled = true
@ -175,57 +145,55 @@ lm = "làm"
## Architecture ## Architecture
``` ```
┌──────────────┐ ┌──────────────┐ ┌────────────────┐ ┌──────────────────┐ ┌──────────────────┐ ┌────────────────┐
│ evdev │────▶│ Viet+ │────▶│ uinput/X11 │ │ X11 Keyboard │────▶│ Viet+ Daemon │────▶│ X11/XTEST │
│ keyboard │ │ Engine │ │ injection │ │ Grab (XGrabKb) │ │ │ │ Injection │
│ monitor │ │ (Telex/VNI) │ │ │ │ │ │ Backspace-Replay│ │ │
└──────────────┘ └──────────────┘ └────────────────┘ │ FocusIn/Out │ │ Engine │ │ Direct │
│ │ Detection │ │ (Telex/VNI) │ │ Clipboard │
┌─────┴─────┐ └──────────────────┘ └──────────────────┘ └────────────────┘
│ App State │ │
│ Manager │ ┌─────┴─────┐
└───────────┘ │ App State │
│ Manager │
└───────────┘
``` ```
### How Backspace-Replay Works
1. All keystrokes in the current word are stored in `keystroke_history`
2. On each keypress, a **fresh engine** is created and the entire history is replayed through it
3. The engine's buffer IS what should be on screen
4. Viet+ calculates the diff: backspaces to erase old text + new text to type
5. On flush (space/period/etc.), history is cleared for the next word
This eliminates the state desync bugs that plague incremental engines.
--- ---
## Installation ## Installation
### System Dependencies
| Component | Ubuntu/Debian | Fedora | Arch |
|-----------|--------------|--------|------|
| Core daemon | *(none)* | *(none)* | *(none)* |
| Tray icon | `libdbus-1-dev pkg-config` | `dbus-devel pkgconf` | `dbus pkgconf` |
### Debian/Ubuntu Package ### Debian/Ubuntu Package
```bash ```bash
sudo dpkg -i vietc_0.1.0-1_amd64.deb sudo dpkg -i vietc_0.1.0-1_amd64.deb
# Or build from source:
make deb
``` ```
The .deb installs the daemon, CLI, tray icon, systemd user service, and config. Recommends: `libxtst6`, `xclip` (for clipboard injection)
### AppImage ### AppImage
```bash ```bash
make appimage ./Viet+-0.1.0-x86_64.AppImage
# Requires appimagetool
``` ```
Run with `sudo` for keyboard grab: No special permissions needed on X11 — uses XGrabKeyboard + XTest injection.
```bash
sudo ./Viet+-0.1.0-x86_64.AppImage
```
### Manual Install ### Manual Install
```bash ```bash
make build-all
sudo make install sudo make install
sudo make install-ui # tray icon (optional)
``` ```
--- ---
@ -233,10 +201,10 @@ sudo make install-ui # tray icon (optional)
## Building ## Building
```bash ```bash
# Build all backends (uinput + X11 + Wayland) # Build all backends (X11 + Wayland)
make build-all make build-all
# Run tests (162+ engine tests) # Run tests (255+ tests)
make test make test
# Run interactive test harness # Run interactive test harness
@ -249,68 +217,51 @@ make appimage # AppImage
--- ---
## Make Targets
| Target | Description |
|--------|-------------|
| `make build-all` | Build all backends (uinput + X11 + Wayland) |
| `make build-ui` | Build tray icon UI |
| `make test` | Run all tests |
| `make run` | Run daemon (debug, requires root) |
| `make deb` | Build .deb package |
| `make appimage` | Build AppImage package |
| `make install` | Install binaries to `/usr/local/bin` |
| `make install-ui` | Install tray icon |
| `make clean` | Clean build artifacts |
| `make fmt` | Format code |
| `make lint` | Run clippy |
---
## Project Structure ## Project Structure
``` ```
viet+/ vietc/
├── engine/ # Core IME engine (Telex + VNI) ├── engine/ # Core IME engine (Telex + VNI)
│ ├── src/ │ ├── src/
│ │ ├── engine.rs # Main engine orchestrator │ │ ├── engine.rs # Main engine + replay_keystrokes()
│ │ ├── telex.rs # Telex state machine │ │ ├── telex.rs # Telex state machine
│ │ ├── vni.rs # VNI engine │ │ ├── vni.rs # VNI engine
│ │ ├── english.rs # English auto-restore dictionary │ │ ├── english.rs # English auto-restore dictionary
│ │ └── tests.rs # 162+ unit tests │ │ └── tests/ # 255+ unit tests
│ └── Cargo.toml │ └── Cargo.toml
├── protocol/ # Injection backends ├── protocol/ # Injection backends
│ ├── src/ │ ├── src/
│ │ ├── inject.rs # KeyInjector trait │ │ ├── inject.rs # KeyInjector trait
│ │ ├── uinput_monitor.rs # Universal uinput+ydotool backend │ │ ├── x11_capture.rs # X11 keyboard capture (XGrabKeyboard)
│ │ ├── x11_inject.rs # X11 XTEST fallback │ │ ├── x11_inject.rs # Direct X11 clipboard + XTest injection
│ │ └── wayland_im.rs # Wayland IM context │ │ └── wayland_im.rs # Wayland IM protocol
│ └── Cargo.toml │ └── Cargo.toml
├── daemon/ # Background daemon ├── daemon/ # Background daemon
│ ├── src/ │ ├── src/
│ │ ├── main.rs # Evdev loop, hot-reload │ │ ├── main.rs # Event loop, Backspace-Replay integration
│ │ ├── config.rs # TOML config loader │ │ ├── config.rs # TOML config loader
│ │ ├── app_state.rs # Per-app state manager │ │ ├── app_state.rs # Per-app state manager
│ │ └── display.rs # Display server detection │ │ └── display.rs # Display server detection
│ └── Cargo.toml │ └── Cargo.toml
├── cli/ # Interactive test harness ├── cli/ # Interactive test harness
├── ui/ # Tray icon application ├── ui/ # Tray icon application
│ ├── src/ ├── packaging/ # Distribution packages
│ │ ├── main.rs # Tray app entry point │ ├── appimage/ # AppImage build scripts
│ │ ├── tray.rs # System tray icon implementation │ └── deb/ # .deb package build scripts
│ │ └── config.rs # UI config reader ├── vietc.toml # Default configuration
│ └── Cargo.toml ├── vietc.service # Systemd user service
├── packaging/ # Distribution packages ├── Makefile # Build targets
│ ├── appimage/ # AppImage build scripts
│ └── deb/ # .deb package build scripts
├── vietc.toml # Default configuration
├── vietc.service # Systemd user service
├── Makefile # Build targets
└── README.md └── README.md
``` ```
--- ---
## Changelog
See [CHANGELOG.md](CHANGELOG.md) for release history.
---
## License ## License
MIT License - see [LICENSE](LICENSE) for details. MIT License - see [LICENSE](LICENSE) for details.