diff --git a/Dockerfile b/Dockerfile
index 16ca62c..6720ad3 100644
--- a/Dockerfile
+++ b/Dockerfile
@@ -10,13 +10,15 @@ RUN npm run build
 FROM python:3.11-slim
 
 # Install system dependencies
-# Combined list for Playwright, KasmVNC, and general utilities
 RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends \
     wget \
     curl \
     gnupg \
     ca-certificates \
     ffmpeg \
+    # VNC & Display dependencies
+    xvfb \
+    x11vnc \
     openbox \
     # Playwright dependencies
     libnss3 \
@@ -37,44 +39,15 @@ RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends \
     libatspi2.0-0 \
     libgtk-3-0 \
     fonts-liberation \
-    # KasmVNC dependencies
-    libjpeg62-turbo \
-    libpng16-16 \
-    libx11-6 \
-    libxcursor1 \
-    libxext6 \
-    libxi6 \
-    libxinerama1 \
-    libxrender1 \
-    libxtst6 \
-    zlib1g \
-    libssl3 \
-    adduser \
-    libfontconfig1 \
-    libgl1 \
-    libpixman-1-0 \
-    libxfont2 \
-    libxkbfile1 \
-    libdatetime-perl \
-    libwww-perl \
-    xfonts-base \
-    xfonts-75dpi \
-    xfonts-100dpi \
-    python3-yaml \
     supervisor \
     && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*
 
-# Install KasmVNC (Debian Bookworm)
-RUN wget -q https://github.com/kasmtech/KasmVNC/releases/download/v1.3.1/kasmvncserver_bookworm_1.3.1_amd64.deb -O /tmp/kasmvnc.deb \
-    && apt-get update \
-    && apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends /tmp/kasmvnc.deb \
-    && rm /tmp/kasmvnc.deb \
-    && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*
-
-# Setup KasmVNC user
-# KasmVNC requires a non-root user for security best practices, but we run as root in this simple container.
-# We will run vncserver as root (not recommended but easiest for migration) or create a user.
-# Let's try running as root first with specific flags.
+# Install noVNC
+RUN mkdir -p /opt/novnc \
+    && wget -qO- https://github.com/novnc/noVNC/archive/v1.4.0.tar.gz | tar xz -C /opt/novnc --strip-components=1 \
+    && mkdir -p /opt/novnc/utils/websockify \
+    && wget -qO- https://github.com/novnc/websockify/archive/v0.11.0.tar.gz | tar xz -C /opt/novnc/utils/websockify --strip-components=1 \
+    && ln -s /opt/novnc/vnc.html /opt/novnc/index.html
 
 WORKDIR /app
 
@@ -104,13 +77,11 @@ COPY supervisord.conf /etc/supervisor/conf.d/supervisord.conf
 ENV PYTHONUNBUFFERED=1
 ENV CACHE_DIR=/app/cache
 ENV DISPLAY=:99
-# KasmVNC envs
-ENV KASM_VNC_ARGS="-httpport 6080 -FrameRate 60 -sslOnly 0"
 
 # Set working directory to backend for correct imports
 WORKDIR /app/backend
 
-# Expose ports (8002 = app, 6080 = KasmVNC)
+# Expose ports (8002 = app, 6080 = noVNC)
 EXPOSE 8002 6080
 
 # Health check
diff --git a/frontend/src/pages/Login.tsx b/frontend/src/pages/Login.tsx
index 2b92370..7207046 100644
--- a/frontend/src/pages/Login.tsx
+++ b/frontend/src/pages/Login.tsx
@@ -35,8 +35,8 @@ export const Login: React.FC = () => {
 
     const getVncUrl = () => {
         const host = window.location.hostname;
-        // KasmVNC params: autoconnect=1, resize=scale (fit to screen), negotiate items
-        return `http://${host}:6080/vnc.html?autoconnect=1&resize=scale&encrypt=0`;
+        // autoconnect=true, resize=scale to fit, quality=9 for clear text
+        return `http://${host}:6080/vnc.html?autoconnect=true&resize=scale&quality=9`;
     };
 
     const handleVncLogin = async () => {
diff --git a/supervisord.conf b/supervisord.conf
index 40fde7c..258272d 100644
--- a/supervisord.conf
+++ b/supervisord.conf
@@ -4,8 +4,8 @@ logfile=/dev/stdout
 logfile_maxbytes=0
 loglevel=info
 
-[program:kasmvnc]
-command=/usr/bin/vncserver -fg :99 -select-de -http-port 6080 -FrameRate 60 -SecurityTypes None -sslOnly 0 -geometry 1920x1080
+[program:xvfb]
+command=/usr/bin/Xvfb :99 -screen 0 1920x1080x24
 autorestart=true
 priority=100
 stdout_logfile=/dev/stdout
@@ -17,18 +17,36 @@ stderr_logfile_maxbytes=0
 command=openbox
 environment=DISPLAY=":99"
 autorestart=true
+priority=150
+stdout_logfile=/dev/stdout
+stdout_logfile_maxbytes=0
+stderr_logfile=/dev/stderr
+stderr_logfile_maxbytes=0
+
+[program:x11vnc]
+command=x11vnc -display :99 -forever -shared -nopw -listen 0.0.0.0 -xkb
+autorestart=true
 priority=200
 stdout_logfile=/dev/stdout
 stdout_logfile_maxbytes=0
 stderr_logfile=/dev/stderr
 stderr_logfile_maxbytes=0
 
+[program:novnc]
+command=/opt/novnc/utils/novnc_proxy --vnc localhost:5900 --listen 6080
+autorestart=true
+priority=300
+stdout_logfile=/dev/stdout
+stdout_logfile_maxbytes=0
+stderr_logfile=/dev/stderr
+stderr_logfile_maxbytes=0
+
 [program:app]
 command=python -m uvicorn main:app --host 0.0.0.0 --port 8002
 directory=/app/backend
 environment=DISPLAY=":99",PYTHONUNBUFFERED="1"
 autorestart=true
-priority=300
+priority=400
 stdout_logfile=/dev/stdout
 stdout_logfile_maxbytes=0
 stderr_logfile=/dev/stderr